New reactor designs have features of passive nuclear safety, which may help. The Federation of American Scientists have said that if nuclear power use is to expand significantly, nuclear facilities will have to be made extremely safe from attacks that could release massive quantities of radioactivity into the community. If terrorist groups could sufficiently damage safety systems to cause a core meltdown at a nuclear power plant, and/or sufficiently damage spent fuel pools, such an attack could lead to widespread radioactive contamination. The United States 9/11 Commission has said that nuclear power plants were potential targets originally considered for the Septemattacks. The attack threat is of several general types: commando-like ground-based attacks on equipment which if disabled could lead to a reactor core meltdown or widespread dispersal of radioactivity and external attacks such as an aircraft crash into a reactor complex, or cyber attacks. Nuclear power plants, civilian research reactors, certain naval fuel facilities, uranium enrichment plants, fuel fabrication plants, and even potentially uranium mines are vulnerable to attacks which could lead to widespread radioactive contamination. The vulnerability of nuclear plants to deliberate attack is of concern in the area of nuclear safety and security. Concerns and vulnerabilities of nuclear power stations to assaults and warfare
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